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Dr Jennifer Snaith

Dr Jennifer Snaith

Conjoint Senior Lecturer

FRACP, MBBS (Hons), BMedSci, PhD听

Medicine & Health
School of Clinical Medicine

Dr Jennifer Snaith is an Endocrinologist and post-doctoral scientist based at the Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute where she conducts clinical trials in type 1 diabetes as co-lead of the ACT-T1D research group (Australian Collaborative Towards Adjunctive Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes) together with Professor Jerry Greenfield. Her career mission is to improve the lives of people living with type 1 diabetes through clinical service, advocacy and innovative research.听

She is a Staff Specialist Endocrinologist at St Vincent's Hospital, and established with her team, the Diabetes in Youth (DIY) service in 2021. Her research activities are clinically based and relate to type 1 diabetes, insulin resistance, adjunctive therapies and cardiometabolic risk.

During her PhD candidature (primary supervisor Greenfield) Dr Snaith was awarded the Dean's Thesis Award for the INTIMET study (INsulin resistance in type 1 diabetes managed with METformin). She was the recipient of a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Post Graduate Scholarship, and Diabetes Australia top up scholarship, and was awarded the Dean's Award for her thesis. The INTIMET study was a placebo controlled randomised controlled clinical examining the impact of metformin on hepatic and muscle insulin resistance, assessed using hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamps. Publication:听https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65951-1听

The RESET1 study (Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk with Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes) is the second clinical trial from the ACT-T1D group. Dr Snaith was awarded the Diabetes Australia Coghlan Award for Emerging Researchers, and the Rebecca Davies Fellowship from Breakthrough T1D Australia to conduct this randomised placebo controlled clinical trial to examine the effect of semaglutide on cardiovascular risk in adults with type 1 diabetes. Trial registration:听https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=386649&isReview=true ; trial protocol: https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.15377听

The TIRTLE1 study (Tirzepatide in Type 1 Diabetes: Cardiometabolic Effects) was the first phase 2 placebo controlled trial assessing the effect of tirzepatide on weight in adults with in type 1 diabetes and obesity. Publication:听

The TIRTLE2 study is a mechanistic follow on study from TIRTLE1, designed to assess the acute metabolic effects of tirzepatide on insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes, supported by Breakthrough T1D (NCT06820281)

The ACT-T1D specialise in the conduct of clinical trials in type 1 diabetes. These studies include detailed mechanistic studies, to phenotype metabolic health in type 1 diabetes, and the physiological impacts of adjunctive therapies on cardiometabolic health in type 1 diabetes. Metabolic phenotypic capabilities include hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps, hyperinsulinaemic-hypoglycaemic clamps, mixed meal tolerance tests, calorimetry, body composition measurement, arterial stiffness measures, and others.

  • Book Chapters | 2021
    Lasschuit JWJ; Snaith JR; Frew JW, 2021, 'Correction to: The Skin and Diabetes', in Skin and the Heart, Springer Nature, pp. c1 - c1,
    Book Chapters | 2021
    Lasschuit JWJ; Snaith JR; Frew JW, 2021, 'The skin and diabetes', in Skin and the Heart, pp. 283 - 298,
    Book Chapters | 2021
    Lasschuit JWJ; Snaith JR; Frew JW, 2021, 'The skin and diabetes', in Skin and the Heart, pp. C1,
  • Journal articles | 2026
    Frampton R; Hocking S; Snaith JR; Greenfield JR, 2026, 'Targeting cardiometabolic risk in type 1 diabetes through incretin physiology', Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 37, pp. 135 - 150,
    Journal articles | 2026
    Januszewski AS; Snaith JR; Kowalski GM; Bruce CR; Holmes-Walker DJ; Jenkins AJ; Greenfield JR, 2026, 'Interactive online calculator for estimation of muscle and hepatic insulin sensitivity in adults with Type 1 diabetes using clinical and research biomarkers', Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, 28, pp. 3238 - 3244,
    Journal articles | 2026
    Ni H; Greenfield JR; Snaith JR, 2026, 'Beyond A1c: Redefining Evidence and Policy to Advance Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes Care', Touchreviews in Endocrinology, 22, pp. 3 - 4,
    Journal articles | 2026
    Ni H; Snaith JR; Greenfield JR, 2026, 'Beyond Insulin', Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 55, pp. 379 - 393,
    Journal articles | 2026
    Snaith JR; Frampton R; Samocha-Bonet D; Greenfield JR, 2026, 'Tirzepatide in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Phase 2 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial', Diabetes Care, 49, pp. 161 - 170,
    Journal articles | 2026
    Snaith JR; Narongkiatikhun P; Bjornstad P; Greenfield JR; Tommerdahl KL, 2026, 'Advancing type 1 diabetes management: Integrating novel therapies, technologies, and adjunctive approaches', Diabetes Care, 49, pp. 7 - 21,
    Journal articles | 2025
    Greenfield JR; Frampton R; Millard K; Snaith JR, 2025, 'Use of Cardioprotective Adjuncts in Type 1 Diabetes', Diabetes Therapy, 16, pp. 145 - 148,
    Journal articles | 2025
    Januszewski AS; Simonsen JRA; Grzelka-Wozniak A; Snaith JR; Sachithanandan N; Ward GM; O'Neal DN; Thorn LM; Jenkins A; Greenfield J; Uruska A; Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz D; Groop P-H, 2025, 'Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamps Reveal Lower Insulin Sensitivity in Type 1 Diabetes Adults with vs. without Nephropathy', DIABETES, 74,
    Journal articles | 2025
    Januszewski AS; Snaith JR; Grzelka-Wozniak A; Simonsen JRA; Sachithanandan N; Ward GM; O'Neal DN; Gordin D; Thorn LM; Groop PH; Uruska AA; Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz DA; Jenkins AJ; Greenfield JR, 2025, 'No evidence from euglycaemic鈥揾yperinsulinaemic clamp studies for greater insulin sensitivity in adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump versus multiple daily insulin injections鈥擯ost hoc meta-analysis', Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, 27, pp. 5322 - 5326,
    Journal articles | 2025
    Shah VN; Agesen RM; Bardtrum L; Christiansen E; Snaith J; Greenfield JR, 2025, 'Determinants of Liraglutide Treatment Discontinuation in Type 1 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Studies', Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 19, pp. 321 - 331,
    Journal articles | 2025
    Snaith JR; Olsen N; Evans J; Kowalski GM; Bruce CR; Samocha-Bonet D; Breit SN; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2025, 'Effect of metformin on insulin resistance in adults with type 1 diabetes: a 26-week randomized double-blind clinical trial', Nature Communications, 16,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Forner P; Snaith J; Greenfield JR, 2024, 'Prescribing patterns of adjunctive therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Australian endocrinologists', Internal Medicine Journal, 54, pp. 779 - 785,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Frampton R; Snaith JR; Hocking S; Holmes-Walker J; Olsen N; Greenfield JR, 2024, 'Reducing cardiometabolic risk with semaglutide in type 1 diabetes (RESET1): Study protocol of a phase 2听double-blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial', Diabetic Medicine, 41,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Frampton R; Snaith JR; Hocking SL; Greenfield J, 2024, 'Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk with Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes (RESET1)-A Double-Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial (Study Protocol)', DIABETES, 73,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Januszewski AS; Snaith JR; Kowalski GM; Bruce C; Holmes-Walker J; Jenkins A; Greenfield J, 2024, 'Estimation of Muscle and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity in Type 1 Diabetes Adults Using Clinical and Research Biomarkers', DIABETES, 73,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Lamaro BD; Greenfield JR; Snaith JR, 2024, 'Can Unmet Needs Be Addressed by Adjunctive Therapies? Findings from a Patient Perspectives Survey in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes', Journal of Patient Experience, 11,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Snaith JR; Olsen ND; Kowalski GM; Bruce C; Evans JL; Januszewski AS; Jenkins A; Breit SN; Holmes-Walker J; Greenfield J, 2024, 'Metformin Reduces Insulin Dose and Visceral Fat Accumulation, and Increases GDF15 without Reducing Insulin Resistance in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes-A 26-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial (INTIMET)', DIABETES, 73,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Snaith JR; Greenfield JR; Malozowski S; Weghuber D; Kelly AS; Arslanian S, 2023, 'Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity', New England Journal of Medicine, 388, pp. 1145,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Snaith JR; Olsen N; Kowalski G; Bruce C; Holmes-Walker J; Greenfield JR, 2023, 'OR18-03 Peripheral But Not Hepatic Insulin Resistance Associates With Adverse Vascular And Metabolic Health In Type 1 Diabetes: A Possible Target For Adjunctive Therapy', Journal of the Endocrine Society, 7,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Snaith JR; Greenfield JR, 2022, 'Sodium鈥揼lucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 1 diabetes: a missed opportunity for cardiovascular protection?', Medical Journal of Australia, 217, pp. 126 - 128,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Snaith JR; Danta M; Greenfield JR, 2021, 'Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes', Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 6, pp. 985 - 986,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Snaith JR; Holmes-Walker DJ, 2021, 'Technologies in the management of type 1 diabetes', Medical Journal of Australia, 214, pp. 202 - 205.e1,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Snaith JR; Samocha-Bonet D; Evans J; Liu Z; Kowalski G; Bruce C; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2021, 'Insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes managed with metformin (INTIMET): Study protocol of a double-blind placebo-controlled, randomised trial', Diabetic Medicine, 38,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Htet TD; Godneva A; Liu Z; Chalmers E; Kolobkov D; Snaith JR; Richens R; Toth K; Danta M; Hng TM; Elinav E; Segal E; Greenfield JR; Samocha-Bonet D, 2020, 'Rationale and design of a randomised controlled trial testing the effect of personalised diet in individuals with pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin', BMJ Open, 10, pp. e037859,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Snaith JR; Gao B; Chipps D; Girgis CM, 2020, 'Massive adrenal hyperplasia from paraneoplastic adrenocorticotropic hormone', BMJ Case Reports, 13,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Snaith JR; Greenfield JR, 2020, 'COVID-19: it's changed us', Internal Medicine Journal, 50, pp. 1162 - 1163,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Snaith JR; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2020, 'Letter to the editor: 鈬渞isk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults with type 1 diabetes: findings from prospective real-life T1D exchange registry鈥', Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 105, pp. 1 - 2,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Snaith JR; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2020, 'Reducing Type 1 Diabetes Mortality: Role for Adjunctive Therapies?', Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 31, pp. 150 - 164,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Snaith JR; McLeod D; Richardson A; Chipps D, 2020, 'Multifocal insulinoma secondary to insulinomatosis: persistent hypoglycaemia despite total pancreatectomy', ENDOCRINOLOGY DIABETES AND METABOLISM CASE REPORTS,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Snaith JR; Samocha-Bonet D; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2020, 'MON-LB113 Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Managed With Metformin (INTIMET): Rationale and Study Design of a Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial', Journal of the Endocrine Society, 4,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Kim A; Snaith JR; Mahajan H; Holmes-Walker DJ, 2019, 'Nesidioblastosis following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy', Clinical Endocrinology, 91, pp. 906 - 908,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Snaith JR; Holmes-Walker DJ; Girgis CM; Greenfield JR, 2019, 'Excess mortality and cardiovascular disease risk in type 1 diabetes', Lancet, 393, pp. 984 - 985,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Snaith JR; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2019, 'Association of insulin dose, cardiometabolic risk factors, and cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes during 30 years of follow-up in the DCCT/EDIC study. Diabetes care 2019;42:657-664', Diabetes Care, 42, pp. E135 - E136,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Chi C; Snaith J; Gunton JE, 2017, 'Diabetes Medications and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes', Heart Lung and Circulation, 26, pp. 1133 - 1141,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Snaith J; Burns K; Kok J; Chen S; Cheung NW, 2016, 'A case of rhino-orbital mucormycosis in diabetes with haematogenous cerebral spread', Medical Mycology Case Reports, 13, pp. 22 - 24,
  • Conference Papers | 2025
    Januszewski A; Snaith J; Grzelka-Wozniak A; Simonsen J; Sachithanandan N; Ward G; O'Neal D; Thorn L; Groop P-H; Uruska A; Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz D; Jenkins A; Greenfield J, 2025, 'NO EVIDENCE FROM EUGLYCAEMIC HYPERINSULINAEMIC CLAMP STUDIES FOR GREATER INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN INSULIN PUMP VS. MULTIPLE DAILY INSULIN INJECTION IN ADULTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES', in DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC, pp. E368 - E369
    Conference Papers | 2025
    Januszewski AS; Simonsen R; Grzelka-Wozniak A; Snaith JR; Sachithanandan N; Ward GM; O'Neal DN; Thorn LM; Jenkins AJ; Greenfield JR; Uruska A; Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz DA; Groop P-H, 2025, 'Euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamps reveal lower insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetes adults with vs without nephropathy', in DIABETOLOGIA, SPRINGER, pp. S134 - S134
    Conference Papers | 2025
    Snaith JR; Frampton R; Samocha-Bonet D; Greenfield JR, 2025, 'Tirzepatide reduces weight and insulin dose and improves body composition in type 1 diabetes: a 12-week, randomised, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial (TIRTLE1)', in DIABETOLOGIA, SPRINGER, pp. S43 - S43
    Conference Abstracts | 2024
    Januszewski AS; Snaith JR; Kowalski G; Bruce C; Holmes-Walker DJ; Jenkins AJ; Greenfield JR, 2024, 'Estimation of muscle and hepatic insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetes adults using clinical and research biomarkers', in DIABETOLOGIA, SPRINGER, SPAIN, Madrid, Vol. 67, pp. S256 - S257, presented at 60th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes (EASD), SPAIN, Madrid, 09 September 2024 - 13 September 2024
    Preprints | 2023
    Snaith JR; Olsen N; Greenfield JR, 2023, Statistical Analysis Plan for the INTIMET study (Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Managed with Metformin),
    Conference Abstracts | 2022
    Snaith JR; Holmes-Walker DJ; Greenfield JR, 2022, 'Insulin resistance and visceral or ectopic fat deposition may independently determine metabolic and cardiovascular complications in type 1 diabetes', in DIABETOLOGIA, SPRINGER, SWEDEN, Stockholm, Vol. 65, pp. S83 - S83, presented at 58th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes (EASD), SWEDEN, Stockholm, 19 September 2022 - 23 September 2022
    Conference Papers | 2017
    Lee MA; Chipps D; Chi WC; Snaith J; Wong V, 2017, 'What guidelines don't tell you: hypoglycaemia following glucagon administration in a patient with an insulinoma', in CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, WILEY-BLACKWELL, pp. 18 - 18,
    Conference Papers | 2017
    Snaith J; Chipps D, 2017, 'Unusual patterns of endocrine irAEs in patients receiving checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies', in CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, WILEY, AUSTRALIA, Perth, pp. 82 - 82, presented at Joint Annual Scientific Meetings of Endocrine-Society-of-Australia (ESA) and Society-for-Reproductive-Biology (SRB), AUSTRALIA, Perth, 27 August 2017 - 30 August 2017,
    Conference Papers | 2017
    Snaith J; Chipps D, 2017, 'Will this ever end? Recurrent hypoglycaemia due to insulinomatosis', in CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, WILEY, AUSTRALIA, Perth, pp. 86 - 86, presented at Joint Annual Scientific Meetings of Endocrine-Society-of-Australia (ESA) and Society-for-Reproductive-Biology (SRB), AUSTRALIA, Perth, 27 August 2017 - 30 August 2017,
    Conference Papers | 2017
    Snaith J; Stojanovska V; Padmanabhan S; Cheung NW, 2017, 'An assessment of adequate hypoglycaemia and safety of the insulin tolerance test', in CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, WILEY-BLACKWELL, pp. 62 - 62,

2025 -听St Vincent鈥檚 Healthcare Clinical Campus 2024 HDR Thesis Award for Greatest Clinical Impact

2024 - 91色情片 Dean's Award for Outstanding Thesis

2024 - Australian Diabetes Society Lindsey Baudinet Rising Star Award in Type 1 Diabetes Research

2023 - Diabetes Australia Coghlan Award, for project 'Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk with Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes (RESET1)'

2022 - JDRF Rebecca Davies Fellowship

2022 - Australian Diabetes Society Clinical Young Investigator's Award

2021 - 91色情片 ARC Postgraduate Council Research Student Award

2020 - 91色情片 Visualise Your Thesis (Runner Up)

2020听- NHMRC Post Graduate Scholarship

2020听- NHMRC/Diabetes Australia co-funding award

2019听- 91色情片 University Post Graduate Award听

2018 - Joan Waugh Scholarship for academic excellence and leadership potential

2018 - Westmead Association Tracey Robinson Registrar Award for Excellence in Teaching

2017 - Westmead Association Advanced Trainee of the Year

2015 - Westmead听Association Tracey Robinson Registrar Award for Excellence in Teaching

2007 - University of Sydney Exchange Scholarship

2005 - Medical Science Scholarship

2025

  • Breakthrough T1D $1.8M, Snaith JR (CI-A), Frampton R, Horowitz M, Jones K, Greenfield JR,听Acute Metabolic Effects of Tirzepatide in Type 1 Diabetes (TIRTLE2)
  • ADS Diabetes Research Seed Grant $20,000,听Sheu A, Snaith JR (CI-B), Greenfield JR,听Semaglutide and bone in T1D: defining skeletal-metabolic interactions in the RESET1 trial

2024听听听听听听听听听

  • St Vincent鈥檚 Clinic Foundation Annual Grant $50,000,Snaith, JR (CI-A), Frampton R, Samocha-Bonet D, Greenfield JR, A Phase II study examining the effects of adjunctive tirzepatide on weight, metabolism and cardiovascular risk in adults with type 1 diabetes and obesity (the TIRTLE study)
  • Australian Diabetes Society Lindsey Baudinet Rising Star in Type 1 Diabetes Award $20,000,听Snaith JR (CI-A), Towards combo therapy: Tirzepatide for weight, metabolism and CV risk in adults with T1D and obesity (a phase II trial)'.听
  • MRFF 2023 TTRACardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Mechanisms $916,315:听Greenfield JR, Snaith JR (CI-B), Repurposed Semaglutide to Bridge听the T1D听Cardiovascular Risk Gap

2023听听听听听听听听听

  • Diabetes Australia Coghlan Award $150,000,听Snaith JR (CI-A), Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk with Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes (RESET1)

2022听听听听听听听听听

  • JDRF Rebecca Davies Fellowship $142,500,听Snaith JR (CI-A), Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk with Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes (RESET1)
  • University of New South Wales Infrastructure Grant $200,651,听听Samocha-Bonet D, Snaith JR (CI-B), Greenfield JR, Chen R, Danta M, Jabbour A, Lim E, Patel S. BodPod and Q-NRG for extensive metabolic phenotyping

2021听听听听听听听听听

  • St Vincent鈥檚 Curran Foundation Endowment Grant $10,930,听Snaith JR (CI-A), 鈥業ntroducing rapid point of care HbA1c (Haemoglobin A1c) tests to SVH diabetes clinics鈥
  • Cardiac, Vascular and Metabolic Medicine Theme Networking Seed Grant $30,000,听Snaith JR (CI-A), Liu Z, Lovell N, Greenfield JR, 鈥楢 novel online tool to diagnose double diabetes using biomarkers: towards cardiovascular risk reduction by personalised adjunctive treatment of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes鈥

2020听听听听听听听听听

  • St Vincent鈥檚 Clinic Foundation Tancred Grant $50,000,听Greenfield JR, Snaith J (CI-B), Holmes-Walker J, Girgis C, 鈥業NTIMET 鈥 Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Managed with Metformin鈥

2019

  • Diabetes Australia Millennium Grant (Type 1 Diabetes) $150,000,听Greenfield JR, Snaith J (CI-B), Holmes Walker JR, Girgis C, Samocha-Bonet D, 鈥楶henotypic Characterisation of Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant Adults with Type 1 Diabetes鈥

My Research Supervision

91色情片 PhD

  • Dr R.Frampton: The Incretin Signature and the Role of听Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes听

91色情片 Medicine Honours

  • J.Yang: Repurposing Adjunctive Therapies in Type 1 Diabetes: A听Patient Experience Survey

Previous research supervision:

91色情片 Medicine Honours (B.Lamaro):听 An Unmet Needs Assessment in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitius: Rationale for Adjunctive Therapies?