A planning strategy for Australia鈥檚 first multi-city region, home to nearly one in four Australians, is being developed. So what鈥檚 the thinking behind creating an integrated network of six cities?
Australia鈥檚 first multi-city region, the Six Cities Region, is being developed in New South Wales. A multi-city region, also known as a mega-region, establishes an integrated network of globally and locally connected cities.
The Six Cities Region spans the Lower Hunter and Greater Newcastle City, Central Coast City, Illawarra-Shoalhaven City, Western Parkland City, Central River City and Eastern Harbour City.
Map of the Six Cities Region. Image: Six Cities Region Discussion Paper/Greater Cities Commission.
The region is home to around 6 million people. It鈥檚 expected to reach 8 million in the next two decades.
The Six Cities concept has evolved from the 2018 Greater Sydney plan, A Metropolis of Three Cities. Introduced by the then Greater Sydney Commission, the plan established the Western Parkland City, Central River City and the Eastern Harbour City. The priority then was to ensure housing, jobs, infrastructure and services were all within a 30-minute trip for more people.
Now, as the , we are developing a response to the reality that cities can either compound or address some of society鈥檚 biggest challenges: inequality, congestion, pollution and social exclusion.
Released today, a research report by the and , entitled Greater Cities: The Global Experience of Planning, Preparing and Promoting the Multi-City Region, notes:
鈥淲e are in the middle of the century of cities 鈥 the hundred years of accelerated urbanisation from 1980 to 2080 that is creating a majority-urban planet.鈥
And the proportion of the world鈥檚 people who live in cities continues to increase. The United Nations predicts cities will house by 2050. Australia leads the way in urbanisation 鈥 live in cities.
As pressures on urban centres rise, we must reimagine how we live, work and connect in our cities.
How do multi-city regions help us with ongoing housing challenges, cost-of-living increases and development constraints in central cities? Essentially, they do so by opening up opportunities across more connected centres. This distributes wealth across a larger region and provides more equitable access to healthcare, education and training facilities.
Through co-ordinated planning across all levels of government, multi-city regions also offer an opportunity to tackle key environmental challenges. These include climate change, urban heat and the effective roll-out of decarbonisation initiatives.
In the case of NSW, the network of six cities also responds to the pressures of rapid urban growth. It does so by redistributing this growth across a larger area and fuelling development in smaller or lower-demand areas.
What does the Six Cities Region mean in practice?
In establishing the Six Cities Region, we join a global vanguard of up to 20 multi-city regions, which organise and co-ordinate their activities in different ways. What the Six Cities Region does share with other regions, however, is a need to manage high population growth along with huge demand for housing and lifestyle choices.
City regions also have to stay ahead of the curve in response to the disruptions of COVID and climate change. At the same time, they must balance and enhance opportunities for business, investment, culture, education and decision-making.
While we focus on the big-picture model in this article, it鈥檚 worth noting the Commission鈥檚 responsibilities are complex. It is setting and monitoring housing targets for each of the 43 local government areas within the six cities. The Commission must also identify how to achieve more diverse and affordable housing.
Image: Six Cities Region Discussion Paper/Greater Cities Commission.
Work is under way to finalise 5, 10 and 20-year housing targets. These will be released in the region plan towards the end of 2023.
The Six Cities Region is home to three international airports, three deep seaports, a high concentration of world-class universities and globally significant innovation districts. It will help connect these gateways, institutions and innovation districts to accelerate economic growth, international trade and knowledge jobs.
The challenge and the opportunity lie in delivering globalised localism. This means opening up these six cities to more international growth and opportunities, while fiercely protecting their natural assets.
The region also has the exceptional asset of 65,000 years of continuous culture. We have the opportunity to embed the wisdom and aspirations of First Nations peoples in caring for Country and people, and knowledge sharing.
If successful, the equity and resilience of the region will be second to none. Everyone will have the opportunity to work in great jobs close to home. They will be able to live in vibrant, well-serviced neighbourhoods with diverse and affordable housing options.
Harnessing our enviable assets in a connected way will result in opportunities and benefits for everyone in the Six Cities Region. As the report explains:
鈥淭he Six Cities Region has many significant advantages over other mega-regions. These could, with the right shaping interventions, help the region become one of the most advanced and forward-thinking multi-city regions in the world over the next decade.鈥
听
, Adjunct Professor, City Futures Research Centre,
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